This article examines the differing meanings of volunteering that underlie the management of volunteers in diverse cultural contexts by analyzing a case study of an Australian non-government organization (NGO) working in Papua New Guinea (PNG), where local volunteers are engaged in a number of its programs. The results indicate that gift-exchange theory may be a fundamental influence shaping attitudes towards volunteering by PNG nationals. This has led to the development of a gift-exchange model to assist other Western-based NGOs to manage formal volunteering in Pacific nations in a way that is both effective and culturally appropriate.
從禮物交換視角看巴布亞新幾內亞的有效志願服務
通過對一個當地志願者參與了其一系列項目的運行於巴布亞新幾內亞的澳大利亞非政府組織所進行的實例分析，本文攷察了在各種文化 情景下志願活動管理中對自願服務意義的不同理解。分析結果顯示，禮物交換理論可能從根本上影響了巴布亞新幾內亞國民對志願服務的態度。由此我們發展出一個 禮物互換模式以幫助其它西方非政府組織既有效又與文化環境相稱地管理其在亞太國家的正式志願服務。
Anne Abraham