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Volume 81 – No. 2

Immigration from China to Canada in the Age of Globalization: Issues of Brain Gain and Brain Loss

Peter S. Li

DOI: 10.5509/2008812217

  • English Abstract
  • French Abstract

 

The age of globalization has changed the labour demand of immigrant-receiving countries. As Canada intensifies the admission of skilled immigrants in recent years, China has emerged as the top sending country to Canada in terms of the number of immigrants and the volume of human capital transferred. Between 1991 and 2000, 53,480 university-educated immigrants from China came to Canada, bringing with them a saving in educational cost of 1.8 billion dollars for Canada. However, only about 59 percent of these highly educated immigrants participated in Canada’s labour market in 2001, and of those who did, they earned less than Canada-born university-educated men and women. When the aggregate value of brain loss is taken into account, Canada only managed to retain about 723 to 851 million dollars, or 39 to 46 percent of the original value, in educational savings. In the long run, issues of brain loss are likely to hamper Canada’s capacity to continue to sustain its brain gain from the worldwide market of skilled workers.

L’Immigration de la Chine vers le Canada à l’ère de la mondialisation:
questions sur l’afflux et l’exode de cerveaux

L’ère de la mondialisation a altéré les exigences du marché des pays d’accueil de l’immigration . Malgré que le Canada ait augmenté les admissions d’entrée d’immigrants qualifiés, la Chine émerge comme étant le pays envoyant le plus grand nombre d’émigrants ainsi qu’une masse importante de ressources humaines transférée au Canada. Entre 1991 et 2000, 53,480 émigrants diplômés supérieurs chinois s’établirent au Canada, apportant avec eux un taux d’épargne de 1.8 milliards de dollars au profit de l’éducation canadienne. Cependant, 59 pourcent seulement de ces émigrants détenant des diplômes supérieurs accédèrent au marché du travail en 2001, et ceux qui y participèrent, gagnèrent moins que les diplômés canadiens. Lorsque l’estimation d’ensemble de fuite de cervaux est prise en considération, le Canada n’est seulement parvenu à sauvegarder un taux d’épargne de l’éducation qu’aux alentours de 723 a 851 millions de dollars, c’est-à-dire, 39 à 46 pourcent de sa valeur première. Le problème des fuites de cervaux va probablement restreindre à long terme la capacité du Canada à continuer à attirer l’afflux de cervaux provenant du marché mondial de travailleurs qualifiés.

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