Ivan Franceschini
The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Christian Sorace
Colorado College, Colorado Springs, USA
Keywords: China, labour NGOs, labour activism, civil society, collective bargaining
DOI: 10.5509/2019924643
Since their appearance in the mid-1990s, Chinese labour NGOs have mostly focused on disseminating labour law and guiding labour disputes through official channels. In so doing, they have assisted the Chinese Communist Party in achieving its paramount goal of maintaining social stability. In line with this approach, activists in these organizations have traditionally framed their work in terms of “public interest” or “legality,” both of which resonate with the hegemonic discourses of the Party-state. However, earlier this decade a minority of Chinese labour activists began to employ some new counterhegemonic narratives centred on the experience of the labour movement and the practice of collective bargaining that attempted to recode the proletarian experience outside of its official representation. In this paper we analyze this discursive shift through the voices of the activists involved, and argue that the rise of these new counterhegemonic voices was one of the reasons that led to the Party-state cracking down on labour NGOs.
以工人阶级的名义:当代中国劳工活动的叙事
关键词:中国;劳工非政府组织;劳工活动;公民社会;集体议价。
自从二十世纪九十年代中期出现以来,中国的劳工非政府组织(NGOs)一直主要致力于传播劳工法以及通过官方渠道疏解劳工纠纷。由此,他们协助了中国共产党实现其维护社会稳定这一最首要的目标。与这种方法相对应的是,这些组织中的劳工活动分子传统上把他们的活动以追求“公益”或是“法律合法性”的框架来表达,跟一党制国家的支配性的话语保持着共鸣。然而,进入二十一世纪第一个十年的初期,一小部分中国劳工活动家开始使用一些的新的反支配性话语的叙事,集中于劳工运动的体验以及那些尝试用官方话语之外的方式重新界定无产阶级体验的集体议价实践。 本论文中,我们通过亲身涉入到这些活动中的活动分子自己的声音对这个话语体系的转换进行了分析,并提出这些新的反支配性话语的声音的出现正是日渐促使一党制国家对劳工非政府组织进行镇压的原因之一。
Translated from English by Li Guo
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