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Volume 83 – No. 1

Marital Immigration and Graduated Citizenship: Post-Naturalization Restrictions on Mainland Chinese Spouses in Taiwan

Sara L. Friedman

DOI: 10.5509/201083173

  • English Abstract
  • French Abstract

 

As Taiwan seeks to establish itself as an independent polity in the international community, it simultaneously confronts the problem of how to integrate almost 300,000 marital immigrants from Mainland China. This most recent wave of marital immigration across the Taiwan Strait began in the early 1990s and reached its peak in 2003, stabilizing since then at roughly 10 percent of all marriages annually. Chinese marital immigrants in Taiwan face more onerous requirements for residency and citizenship than any other category of foreign spouse. In the years immediately following naturalization, moreover, they remain barred from civil service employment and have limited family reunification rights. This paper examines these post-naturalization inequalities in relation to 1) broader population concerns that encourage continued restrictions on Chinese immigration; and 2) struggles over how to define the scope of the Taiwanese family and nation. It asks whether, given this environment, Chinese marital immigrants can ever become full Taiwanese citizens, both in terms of juridical status and national incorporation. This question underscores a key tension in Taiwan’s nation-building project: how to integrate immigrants who are racially, ethnically, and linguistically similar but who come tainted by longstanding political differences across the Taiwan Strait.

L’Immigration matrimoniale et l’acquisition graduelle de la citoyenneté: Restrictions de naturalisation futures pour les couples de la Chine Populaire à Taïwan

A l’heure où Taïwan cherche à s’établir comme une entité politique indépendante sur la sphère internationale, elle se voit confrontée en même temps au problème d’intégration de près de 300,000 couples immigrants venant de Chine. La vague d’immigrants chinois la plus récente en provenance du Détroit de Taïwan s’est amorcée au début des années 90 et atteigna son zenith en 2003. Elle s’est depuis stabilisée à environ 10 pourcent par an de la totalité des mariages. Les couples immigrants chinois se trouvent confrontés à Taïwan à des conditions d’admission de résidence et de citoyenneté plus coûteuses que les autres catégories de couples étrangers. Par ailleurs, au cours des années suivant la naturalisation, ces immigrants n’ont toujours pas accès aux postes de fonctionnaires et voient leurs droits de réunification familiale restreints. Cet article se penche sur les inégalités de naturalisations futures, tout d’abord, au niveau des plus grandes préoccupations de la population qui soutient ces restrictions à long-terme envers les immigrants chinois; et ensuite, sur les conflits portant sur la vision de la famille taïwanaise. Vu le contexte actuel, reste à savoir si les couples immigrants chinois peuvent éventuellement devenir citoyens taïwanais à part entière, autant en termes de statut juridique que national. Cette question fait ressortir une tension marquante pour le projet de construction nationale taïwanais; c’est-à-dire, comment faciliter l’intégration d’immigrants qui partagent des similarités sur le plan racial, ethnique et linguistique, mais qui arrivent de l’autre côté du Détroit de Taïwan, teintés par des différences politiques de longue date.

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An International Review of Asia and the Pacific

School of Public Policy and Global Affairs

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