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Volume 82 – No. 3

Reassessing Energy Security and the Trans-ASEAN Natural Gas Pipeline Network in Southeast Asia

Benjamin K. Sovacool

DOI: 10.5509/2009823467

  • English Abstract
  • French Abstract

 

Regulators within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have heavily promoted investment in natural gas infrastructure to meet burgeoning demand for energy. By 2030, some analysts expect Southeast Asia to become “the Persian Gulf of Gas” and responsible for one-quarter of the world’s gas production and use. Perhaps no single project is more emblematic of the region’s view of energy security and policy than the Trans-ASEAN natural gas pipeline (TAGP) system, a proposed network of natural gas pipelines to connect the gas reserves in the Gulf of Thailand, Indonesia, Myanmar and the Philippines to the rest of the region. Advocates of the TAGP expect it to promote economic development, earn foreign exchange, mitigate the risks of climate change, and enhance regional energy security. Drawing from fi eld research and research interviews, however, this article takes a critical look at the region’s drive towards the TAGP and ASEAN’s approach to energy security as a whole. The article argues that plans for the TAGP rest on too simple a notion of energy security: secure access to fuel. This conception of energy security ignores important additional dimensions related to availability, affordability, effi ciency and environmental and social stewardship. In contrast, the paper concludes that the TAGP is insuffi cient, expensive, ineffi cient, and environmentally and socially destructive.

Une ré-examination de la sécurité énergétique et du réseau d’oléoducs de gaz naturel du Trans-ASEAN en Asie du Sud-Est

Les régulateurs de l’Association des nations de l’Asie du Sud-Est, ASEAN, ont fortement promu les investissements pour les infrastructures du gaz naturel afin de répondre aux besoins croîssants d’énergie. D’ici 2030, certains analystes s’attendent à ce que l’Asie du Sud-Est devienne “le golf persique du gaz” et soit responsable d’un quart de la production mondiale de gaz et de sa consommation. Aucun autre projet n’est peut-être plus emblématique sur la vision de la sécurité énergétique et les politiques de la région que les dispositifs d’oléoducs de gaz naturel du trans-ASEAN, un réseau d’oléoducs de gaz naturel plannifié pour relier les réserves de gaz dans le golf de Thaïlande, d’Indonéie, de Myanmar et des Philippines avec le reste de la région. Les promoteurs du TAGP s’attendent à ce que ce réseau stimule l’essor économique, acquiert des devises étrangères, diminue les risques du changement climatique, et augmente la sécurité énergétique dans la région. Se fondant sur des recherches de terrain ainsi que des entrevues, cet article porte néanmoins un regard critique sur les motivations de la région sur la manière de TAG et d’ASEAN d’aborder la sécurité énergétique dans sa totalité. L’article soutient que les dispositifs mis en place pour le TAGP reposent sur une notion trop simpliste de la sécurité énergétique, à savoir, protéger l’accès du carburant. Une telle conception de la sécurité énergétique ignore d’importantes dimensions subsidiaires reliées à la disponibilité, à avoir les moyens financiers, à l’efficacité ainsi qu’à la responsabilité environnementale et sociale. Ce papier conclut donc que le TAGP est inadapté, onéreux, inéfficace, et dévastateur sur le plan environnemental et social

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Pacific Affairs

An International Review of Asia and the Pacific

School of Public Policy and Global Affairs

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