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Volume 82 – No. 3

Transnational Linkages and Development Initiatives in Ethnic Korean Yanbian, Northeast-China: “Sweet and Sour” Capital Transfers

Outi Luova

DOI: 10.5509/2009823427

  • English Abstract
  • French Abstract

 

The success of coastal China in mobilizing resources from the overseas Chinese community has been well documented, and is deemed to have played an important role in the expansion of the Chinese economy. This article adopts a new approach by looking at the issue from the point of view of an ethnic minority border region. It 379 explores the mobilization of the Korean minority’s transnational ties in the service of local economic development in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, located in Jilin Province at the North Korean border. These pursuits are conceptualized as “transnationalism from above,” whereby the local government focused on mobilizing, institutionalizing, steering and controlling transnational activities in support of its own specifi c goals. How were these linkages built up and how did the government balance between the positive and negative, or the “sweet and sour” aspects of transnational ethnic capital transfers? The study points to a new mechanism for economic development that is emerging along China’s borders.

Les Liens transnationaux et le Développement d’initiatives dans la communauté éthnique coréenne de Yanbian, au Nord-Est de la Chine: transferts de capitaux “aigre doux”

Le succès de la Chine littorale à mobiliser des resssources des communautés chinoises d’outre-mer est largement documentée et perçue comme ayant joué un rôle important dans la croissance de l’économie chinoise. Cet article adopte une nouvelle approche en analysant la question du point de vue d’une minorité ethnique dans une région frontalière. La mobilisation des liens transnationaux de cette minorité coréenne au profit de l’économie locale de la Préfecture autonome des coréens de Yanbian, située dans la Province de Jilin à la frontière nord coréenne, est ici explorée. Ces activités sont établies comme une forme de “transnationalisme d’en haut” selon laquelle le gouvernement local se focalise sur la mobilisation et l’institutionnalisation, tout en dirigeant et en contrôlant les activités transnationales afin d’atteindre ses buts précis. Comment ces liens furent-ils établis et comment le gouvernement maintient-il leur équilibre, ou plus encore celui de l’aspect “aigre-doux” des transferts de capitaux ethniques transnationaux? Cette étude se porte sur un nouveau processus de développement économique qui est en train d’émerger le long des frontières chinoises.

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