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Perspectives
Volume 81 – No. 4

Understanding Social Trajectories: Structure and Actor in the Democratisation Debate

Vedi R. Hadiz

DOI: 10.5509/2008814527

  • English Abstract
  • French Abstract

 

This article offers a structuralist approach to understanding social trajectories following the demise of authoritarian regimes. It does so by analyzing the case of Indonesia in the context of debates about democratization more broadly, whether in Southeast Asia or elsewhere. The paper presents the argument that although Indonesia today is clearly a democracy, it is important to comprehend the kind of democracy that has been entrenched, and why this has been possible. Prevalent actor-based approaches, such as that found within “transitology,” as well as “good- governance” perspectives, tend to emphasize institutional change based on either elite pacts or technocratic crafting. More important, however, is to understand the power relations that underlie institutions and thereby determine the way they actually operate—often in ways that are different from design or intention. This requires analyses of the nature of specifi c constellations of social power and interest, and the sorts of coalitions that actually preside over institutions of governance—a hallmark of structuralist approaches.

Interpréter les trajectoires sociales: Le rôle du système et des protagonistes dans le débat de démocratisation

Cet article présente une approche structuraliste afin de comprendre les trajectoires sociales à la suite de la tombée des régimes autoritaires. Il le démontre en analysant le cas de l’Indonésie dans le contexte d’un débat général sur la démocratization, aussi bien en Asie du Sud-est qu’ailleurs. Ce papier soutient que malgré le fait que l’Indonésie soit actuellement une démocratie, il est important de comprendre quel style de démocratie s’est développé et pourquoi se fut possible. Les méthodes répandues basées sur les protagonistes, telles qu’élaborées par la “transitologie” et de la bonne gouvernance, tendent à faire valoir le changement institutionnel, soit par le biais de pactes de l’élite, soit par une ingéniosité technocratique. Cependant, plus important encore est de comprendre les pouvoirs de force qui sont à la base des institutions et déterminent ainsi la manière dont ils opèrent réellement, souvent de manières différentes de leurs intentions. Ceci requière une analyse sur le type de constallations spécifiques de compétences et d’intérêts sociaux, et sur le type de coalitions qui domine les institutions de gouvernance, ce qui est l’une des caratéristiques marquantes de l’approche structuraliste.

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Pacific Affairs

An International Review of Asia and the Pacific

School of Public Policy and Global Affairs

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